Most people will experience a stress reaction to certain types of experiences, such as heights, dogs, or needles. Typically this stress is quite minor, however for individuals who have a specific phobia, their stress response has become more severe. Specific phobias induce a fear which is disproportionate to the threat posed. The fear is excessive and persistent and occurs immediately when exposed to the object/situation.
The impact of phobias differs depending on the exposure to it in everyday life. For example, a phobia of germs or dogs may be more impactful than a phobia of aeroplanes. However specific phobias have the potential to largely disrupt day-to-day functioning and can impact an individual’s mental health.
Phobias can impact on a person’s daily functioning if they are engaging in avoidant behaviours. They might avoid going to certain places, or leaving their house in general, in their effort to avoid the feared stimulus. If they cannot avoid it, or if they are engaged in a conversation about it, they may experience intense symptoms of stress and anxiety. This can lead to energy depletion and lowered mood, as a consequence of their body being constantly triggered into a heightened state.
Phobias can greatly impact a person’s emotional and psychological wellbeing. It is common to feel frustrated and annoyed at the loss of control in life, and this in turn can create depressive feelings. This can sometimes lead to unhealthy coping behaviours such as using alcohol, to calm nerves.
These patterns may undermine a person’s general functioning in life. It may impact their relationships, or their ability to engage in work, study, or recreational activities.
The leading evidence-based intervention for specific phobias is Exposure Therapy. In Exposure Therapy, the aim is to gradually confront the feared object or situation while averting avoidance behaviours. This is done in systematic and gradual steps. Exposure therapy can be used in conjunction with Cognitive Therapy which helps the individual to identify and challenge unhelpful thinking related to the phobia.
If you have a specific phobia which is impacting on your life, please consider making some time to speak with us.
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