Addictions are characterized by an inability or difficulty to control certain behaviours, or abstain from those behaviours. People normally associate addictions with substances, such as alcohol or other drugs, but it is also true that people can develop addictions to a very wide range of behaviours, for example, gambling.
Addictions often begin in an innocent context (e.g., having a few drinks), but slowly the need for the substance grows, and you may become dependent on it for normal functioning. Addictions have the potential to be very dangerous and can affect and undermine all aspects of a person’s life. Sometimes addictions are formed through use of a substance or behaviour in the absence of a better coping skill. In a way, an addiction can represent a person’s attempt at a solution to a different problem (e.g. drinking alcohol to manage anxiety). In reality, the addictive behaviour ends up creating more problems than it solves. Addictions are maintained as they engage the brains reward system and are reinforced by the release of dopamine (responsible for pleasure).
Addictions can come in many forms. Some addictions can impact a person’s day-to-day life more so than others, however all addictions have the potential to undermine normal functioning. Addictions typically lead to a loss of control as a person becomes more dependent on the substance/experience. Addictions can result in individuals neglecting certain responsibilities, be that in their working life or their personal life. When a person is addicted to a substance, their behaviour may become erratic when they are affected by the substance, or when they are withdrawing from the substance. These behavioural changes may present as depression, impatience, or outbursts of anger or aggression. This can bring significant stress into relationships and may lead to loss of friends, family, or partners. Similarly, when exposed to the substance of addiction, there is the potential for risky behaviour which again bring a range of negative impacts. Addictions can negatively impact physical health in numerous ways. They can also bring negative financial impacts, be that due to financial costs of the addiction, or the impact upon productivity and capacity to earn.
There are multiple evidence based interventions which can be used for addictions. These modalities include Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy and Interpersonal Psychotherapy. If you are struggling with addiction, and believe you are ready to engage in therapy, we have Psychologists experienced in this area. If you would like some professional assistance, please consider making some time to contact us.
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